Research Progress on the Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Lower Limbs Using Traditional Chinese Medicine Soaking Therapy Combined with Blood Activating and Stasis Removing Formulas

下肢深静脉血栓形成属中医“股肿”范畴，病机为气血运行不畅、气滞血瘀，治疗以活血化瘀为核心。中药塌渍法通过药物外敷结合热力作用，直接改善局部血液循环，显著缓解肿胀、疼痛等症状。研究显示，芒硝冰片散、冰硝散等外敷联合内服活血化瘀方剂可显著提高疗效，总有效率超90%。针对不同中医证型，湿热下注证以清热利湿兼化瘀为主，血瘀湿重证强调活血利湿，脾肾阳虚证注重温补脾肾。Lower limb deep vein thrombosis belongs to the category of “femoral swelling” in traditional Chinese medicine, with the pathogenesis of poor circulation of qi and blood, qi stagnation and blood stasis. The treatment focuses on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The traditional Chinese medicine soaking method directly improves local blood circulation and significantly alleviates symptoms such as swelling and pain through external application of drugs combined with thermal effects. Research has shown that the combination of external application and oral administration of blood activating and stasis removing formulas such as Mangniu Bolong San and Bingniu San can significantly improve the therapeutic effect, with a total effective rate of over 90%. For different types of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes, the damp heat descending syndrome focuses on clearing heat and removing dampness while also removing blood stasis. The heavy blood stasis dampness syndrome emphasizes promoting blood circulation and removing dampness, while the spleen kidney yang deficiency syndrome emphasizes warming and tonifying the spleen and kidneys.