Research Progress of TGF-Β Signaling Pathway Involved in Intrauterine Adhesion

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is one of the main causes of secondary infertility, and its pathogenesis is mainly related to abnormal repair, fibrosis and scar formation after endometrial basal layer injury. In recent years, studies have shown that transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway plays a key role in the occurrence, development and treatment of IUA. In particular, TGF-β1 plays an important role in the process of endometrial fibrosis by inducing excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, TGF-β signaling pathway interacts with other signaling pathways (such as Wnt and Hippo) to further affect the pathological process of IUA. This article discusses the potential application of TGF-β signaling pathway in IUA, and the intervention of TGF-β signaling pathway by cells, exosomes, drugs and other molecular targets provides new ideas for the occurrence, improvement and prevention of IUA.