A dataset for the identification of annual crop germplasm resources in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops (2021—2022)

<p indent="0mm">Agricultural germplasm resources are strategic assets for ensuring national food security and the stable supply of important agricultural products. Accurately identifying and understanding the growth characteristics of annual crops in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is of great significance for fully exploring, utilizing, and protecting excellent germplasm resources, as well as for improving the national agricultural germplasm protection system. Based on this, this dataset provides data on over 100 varieties of annual crops cultivated in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, covering 40 key characteristics such as the total years of cultivation, cultivation area, soil type, disease resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, tolerance to poor soil, growth period, plant height, preceding and succeeding crops, and cultivation management practices. The data is available at a daily temporal resolution and spans the years 2021 and 2022. The data collection and processing procedures are rigorously aligned with the established data quality control standards. The data is publicly available at the administrative district level, aiming to provide a reference for national and regional initiatives in the exploration and utilization of excellent agricultural germplasm resources.