An Exploration of Young Marx’s Social Concepts and Their Contemporary Value—Based on the Interpretation of the “Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844”

马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中对在资本主义的私有制下的市民社会展开了批判，揭示了市民社会对自然、人与社会的否定与毁灭，初步阐发了他对社会概念的基本理解：社会是人与自然的真正的统一，是人的对象化劳动的确证，是人对人的本质的真正占有与实现。马克思的社会概念是马克思学说的重要概念之一，在马克思学说的形成与发展的过程中也具有重要的地位，深刻理解及正确认识马克思的社会概念对于正确把握马克思学说具有重要意义；对于新时代中国特色社会主义建设也具有重要的启发意义。Marx criticized the civil society under the private ownership of capitalism in his “Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844”, revealing the denial and destruction of the civil society to nature, man and society, and expounding his basic understanding of the concept of society: Society is the true unity of man and nature; Society is the confirmation of man’s objectified labor; Society is the real possession and realization of man’s essence. Marx’s social concept is one of the important concepts of Marx’s theory, which also plays an important role in the formation and development of Marx’s theory. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand Marx’s social concept in order to grasp Marx’s theory correctly. It also has important enlightening significance for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.