Propagation of electromagnetic waves in Morris–Thorne-type wormhole with topological defects

In this work, we investigate the propagation and behavior of electromagnetic waves in traversable wormhole space-times influenced by topological defects. We focus on two specific scenarios: a Morris–Thorne-type traversable wormhole embedded in a space-time with a global monopole and another with a cosmic string. The primary objective is to examine how the wormhole geometry, combined with these topological defects, affects the dynamics and propagation of electromagnetic fields in curved space-time. To achieve this, we derive the Maxwell vacuum field equations in the context of curved geometries and solve them analytically, employing special functions to address the complexities introduced by the wormhole structure and defects. Our analysis highlights several key findings: the wormhole throat radius emerges as a critical parameter shaping the behavior of electromagnetic waves, while the presence of topological defects, such as the global monopole and cosmic string, introduces modifications to the electromagnetic fields. These modifications significantly alter the wave dynamics compared to those observed in Minkowski flat space-time, offering deeper insights into the interaction between electromagnetic phenomena and the geometry of curved space-times with topological defects.