Mastering Students Learning Characteristics: A Case Study on the Pedagogical Competence of Arabic Teachers in Secondary School

This study aims to examine the pedagogical competence of Arabic Teachers (AT) in mastering the characteristics of students at the secondary school level, focusing on physical, moral, spiritual, and social aspects. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing a case study design conducted at MAN kota Cimahi. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of three AT. The results of the study indicate that teachers have diverse approaches to understanding the characteristics of students from four main aspects, namely physical, moral, spiritual, and social. In the physical aspect, teachers actively arrange seating positions based on student's individual needs to create an inclusive learning environment. In the moral aspect, teachers observe students' behavior in daily interactions as an indicator of morality. The spiritual element is demonstrated through the practice of worship, prayer, and the incorporation of religious values during the learning process. In the social aspect, teachers in MAN kota Cimahi pay attention to a student's family background, social skills, and interaction patterns. These findings suggest that the mastery of students' learning characteristics as a whole is crucial for the effectiveness of the Arabic language learning process and is key to building a holistic education that is oriented towards the needs of students. This study recommends ongoing training for teachers in managing the diversity of student characteristics to enhance the overall quality of Arabic language learning.