A Study on Various Pre–Operative Indicators for Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the preferred surgical approach for treating gallstone disease; however, there are cases that pose significant challenges, often leading to a switch to open surgery.This study aims to identify preoperative indicators that suggest a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), focusing on demographic factors, inflammatory markers, and intraoperative challenges.A prospective study was performed on patients diagnosed with acute or chronic cholecystitis, examining factors such as gender, age, diabetes mellitu), CRP, ESR, and TC.The findings revealed a strong association between male gender, older age, and diabetes mellitus with surgical complications (p = 0.001).CRP, ESR, and TLC were significantly linked to intraoperative challenges and the need for conversion to open surgery.The severity grade of the Tokyo Guidelines (TG-13) was substantially associated with surgical difficulty (p = 0.001).These findings points out the significance of preoperative evaluation in recognising high-risk patients, facilitating enhanced surgical planning and improved patient outcomes.Nevertheless, constraints such as a single-center design and retrospective data collecting require more multi-center prospective research to improve predictive accuracy and investigate sophisticated imaging and biochemical indicators for enhanced risk stratification.