Geographic information system-based flood risk assessment comprehensive model utilizing multi-criteria decision analysis technique

Purpose The study aims to develop a comprehensive flood risk assessment (FRA) model that maps vulnerable locations, facilitating effective and convenient future mitigation strategies. Design/methodology/approach The model integrates remote sensing (RS) technology, geographic information system (GIS) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) representing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework. The analysis utilizes 14 causative elements categorized into two modules: (1) assessing hazard potential via nine factors and (2) evaluating five socioeconomic vulnerability layers. The AHP-GIS methodology is employed to weigh these elements and ensure the consistency of each module. Findings The results identified potential flood hazard regions classified into five levels. The flood hazard map (FHM) was validated against the flood inventory map (FIM) using the receiver operating characteristic – area under curve (ROC – AUC) method, achieving an AUC value of 0.913, indicative of excellent discrimination. Additionally, areas disrupted socioeconomically and overall risk zones were mapped and categorized into five distinct degrees. Originality/value This model was evaluated for its performance and effectiveness in assessing flood hazards, vulnerabilities and risks. The data generated provides valuable insights for decision-makers to mitigate adverse impacts and promote sustainable environmental management.