Cross-Boundary Tensions Between the Project Owner and Project Manager in Value Creation

Project value creation faces tensions between the project owner and the outsourced project manager, particularly in their cross-organizational and cross-temporal interactions. The interplay between cross-organizational and cross-temporal interactions brings significant challenges to value creation. Therefore, this research aims to explore these cross-boundary tensions between the project owner and project manager in value creation. Q methodology was applied, involving 59 interviews for developing Q statements and 20 Q surveys for analyzing tension dimensions. This research identified four dimensions of cross-boundary tension: (1) structural tension between empowerment and control, (2) priority tension between short-term and long-term, (3) communication tension between convergence and divergence, and (4) involvement tension between assistance and intervention. This research could theoretically contribute to value creation from the owner–manager cross-boundary tension perspective and extend the scope of the temporal boundary. Additionally, it provides practical guidance for professionals to understand the implications of tensions and strike the right balance for optimal value creation.