Polyvinyl alcohol/alginate/gelatin hydrogel-based CaSiO ₃ designed for accelerating wound healing

Abstract The skin, being one of the most delicate tissues constantly exposed to the external environment, is particularly susceptible to damage. The management of wounds poses a considerable challenge in healthcare. In this study, hydrogels were produced using a freeze-drying method, incorporating sodium alginate, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, and calcium silicate. These hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties, while the calcium silicate component supports wound healing. Physical and chemical characterization of these scaffolds was conducted alongside a detailed evaluation of their ability for tissue regeneration and cell behavior. The findings revealed that the scaffold effectively promoted the formation of new epidermis and well-ordered collagen fibers, as well as the proliferation and migration of L929 fibroblasts through cell–material interactions. Animal studies conducted in vivo further confirmed the scaffolds’ significant potential to expedite wound healing. Histological studies reinforced this observation, indicating that collagen deposition was effectively promoted by the scaffolds. Therefore, this composite scaffold holds promise for effective wound treatment.