Optimal Construction and Operation Analysis of Fast Charging Stations Based on Time-of-Use Electricity Price Flexible Control

This paper discusses the impact of time-of-use pricing mechanism on the load distribution of public charging stations, and proposes an analytical framework of peak-valley service fee, station profitability and construction scale, which can be used to guide the construction and decision-making operation of public charging stations. By constructing the probabilistic distribution model of users' charging preference and combining the sensitivity function of electricity price, the influence of peak-valley electricity price fluctuation on users' charging behavior and charging load is analyzed. At the same time, the construction cost and annual operating cash flow of the charging station are studied, and the net present value is calculated to evaluate the return on investment of the public charging station. The results show that the increase of electricity price will significantly reduce the total demand for users' charging, and the difference between peak and valley price will significantly affect the charging load distribution. This study provides theoretical support for the operation optimization and investment decision of the charging station.