Hierarchical Optimal Peaking of Large Grids Considering Energy Storage Lifetime Losses and Demand Side Response

In this paper, for the problem that frequent charging and discharging in the peaking process will affect the life of battery storage, a peaking model is proposed that takes into account the life loss of energy storage and demand side response. Firstly, we analyse the energy storage battery life parameters, establish the equivalent life loss model of energy storage, and increase the adaptability of the model to realistic scenarios. Secondly, a layered optimisation peaking model is constructed, with the upper layer aiming to minimise net load fluctuation and maximise the net gain of the energy storage plant considering the lifetime loss, so as to improve the net load curve and alleviate the peaking pressure of the thermal power units in the lower layer; and the lower layer of the model aiming to minimise the peaking cost of the thermal power units, so as to give full play to the in-depth peaking capacity of the thermal power units and improve the economic operation efficiency of the thermal power units. Finally, through the simulation analysis of various scenarios on the standard example, the results show that the strategy can effectively play the synergistic peak adjustment ability of energy storage and demand side response, which can more truly reflect the economic benefits of energy storage and improve the economic performance of system peak adjustment, and validate the effectiveness of the model.