Supplementary Damping Control Loop for Virtual Synchronous Machine to Enhance Inter-Area Oscillations Damping

The growing integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) introduces new challenges to power system stability. In this context, virtual synchronous machine control-based IBRs (VSM-IBRs) are anticipated to replace some conventional synchronous generators (SGs) and reshape future power systems. In such grids, IBRs must provide stability services such as damping control. Accordingly, this paper proposes a supplementary damping control loop to enhance the grid's inter-area oscillations performance via IBRs operating under a virtual synchronous machine (VSM) control model. Additionally, this study examines how the supplementary control loop and the damping coefficient of the active power loop (D<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P-VSM</inf>) influence the oscillatory modes of the network. For the simulations in this study, the IBR and its controllers are accurately modeled in the DSL environment of DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. The two-area Kundur test system is utilized for time-domain simulations and modal analysis to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in mitigating inter-area oscillations. Simulation results under various disturbance scenarios validate the proposed method's performance and effectiveness.