V2G Integrated Dual Layer Voltage and Var Control for Power Distribution Systems

Integrating renewable distributed generations (DG) into the power grid can cause rapid voltage fluctuations due to DG intermittency. Employing conventional mechanical on-load tap changers (OLTC) and capacitor banks (CB) to handle this issue would require frequent switching operations of the controllers and increase operation and maintenance costs. Moreover, we see an increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EV), which can charge from or discharge to the distribution systems. The smart inverter functions of DGs and EVs may be utilized to better control the voltage. This paper proposes a novel vehicle to grid (V2G) integrated dual layer optimization method to mitigate rapid voltage changes along with reduced number of device operations and power demand. Moreover, it also focuses on reducing the aging rate of DG inverters by considering their reactive power operation. This paper presents the results based on a modified IEEE 13-bus system, which shows improved voltage profiles.