Research on Simulation Analysis Methods for Microgrid Network Security Against Denial of Service Attacks

To assess the impact of cyberattacks on microgrid security, a real-time simulation test platform was developed. This platform integrates a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) and hardware-in-the-Ioop (HIL) testing to achieve co-simulation of the physical and network layers. The platform consists of six modules: attack simulation, physical layer simulation, network layer simulation, data collection and analysis, evaluation and verification, and comprehensive performance analysis. Various types of cyberattacks can be simulated, and their effects on microgrid operation can be quantified. For denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, comprehensive attack index, network blockage index, and information tampering rate were defined to evaluate the impact on communication delay, data integrity, and grid stability. Simulations were conducted using RTDS to analyze changes in current, voltage, frequency, relay tripping, voltage protection, and circuit breaker operation under DoS attacks. The results indicate that DoS attacks increase communication delay, prolong fault response time, and affect the stability and security of the microgrid. Data analysis verified the effectiveness of the simulation platform, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing microgrid cybersecurity protection strategies.