IoT Enabled Smart Electric Vehicle System Integrating Energy Harvesting Adaptive Speed Control and Driver Safety Monitoring

To develop an IoT-enabled electric vehicle (EV) framework integrating fast charging, energy harvesting, and adaptive speed regulation to enhance energy efficiency and road safety. In this research, there are two groups. Conventional EVs with basic battery charging and no advanced safety features. EVs with piezoelectric energy harvesting, a buck-boost converter for optimized power management, real-time battery monitoring, and adaptive speed control in RF-designated safe zones. Safety features include alcohol and heartbeat sensors. The proposed system improves charging efficiency by 4.8%, increasing battery voltage from 11.1V to 11.9V in 25 minutes. It enhances road safety by reducing vehicle speed from 120 RPM to 80 RPM in RF-safe zones and triggering an alarm within 10 seconds when alcohol concentration exceeds the threshold. These results underscore the potential of smart EV infrastructure in enhancing road safety and optimizing energy efficiency, contributing to next-generation sustainable mobility solutions. With this study, piezoelectric energy harvesting is shown to improve efficiency, while smart safety features improve road safety, all for the intelligent EV system's future.