Optimization of Park-Level Integrated Energy Systems with Electricity-to-Gas Conversion Considering Load Uncertainty

The limited integration of renewable energy sources with conventional power systems constrains the growth of global energy demand and the goal of reducing carbon emissions. The PIES model delineated in this paper renders renewable energy integration more flexible and enhances the system's economic efficiency. The optimization strategy under discussion takes into account the dynamic interactions between energy storage, electricity and natural gas, ensuring a balanced integration of these resources. In addition, technologies such as power-to-gas (P2G) and hydrogen storage are discussed as helping to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and being able to improve system stability. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenge of increasing load uncertainty in integrated energy systems by applying Latin Hypercubic Sampling (LHS) and Synchronized Back Generation (SBG) techniques for better forecasting of load fluctuations. Comparative analyses validate that the model substantially improves the flexibility, operational efficiency, and stability of PIES in integrating renewable energy sources.