Frequency Stability-Constrained Optimal Scheduling with Energy Storage Support for Microgrid Under Uncertainty

The frequency stability-constrained (FSC) optimization framework for microgrid scheduling is proposed in this paper to solve the scheduling problem while taking load demand and renewable energy generation uncertainty into account. First, by combining virtual synchronous control techniques for renewable energy generators with the frequency response (FR) characteristics of diesel generator (DG) governors, linearized restrictions for dynamic frequency metrics are obtained. To systematically manage uncertainties, a two-stage robust optimization (TSRO) model is then created. The first stage optimizes reserve allocation and unit commitment, while the second stage modifies power dispatch under the worst-case scenarios. The model leverages the rapid response capability of energy storage system (ESS) to mitigate transient power imbalances. An algorithm called Column-and-Constraint Generation (CCG) is used to address the suggested framework. Case studies demonstrate that the method effectively suppresses power disturbances and confines frequency deviations within predefined safety thresholds.