Seamless Wireless Network Connectivity in High Speed Train Using Combined Fair & Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm

In this work, millimeter wave (mmWave) train-to-ground communication challenges are emphasized for high speed train data communication by proposing a multi-hop communication scheduling architecture that addresses these issues effectively. Ground communication is enhanced using a unique distributed radio remote unit (RRU) and centralized baseband unit (BBU) resource pool. Mobile cells are deployed using radio over fiber (RoF) technology to improve the efficiency of train-to-ground communication while achieving handover-free operation. To mitigate Doppler spread, the wireless transmission within the vacuum tube leverages specially designed leaky waveguides that adapt to the ultra-high-speed trains' motion, ensuring reliable communication. We further propose a scheduling plan aimed at optimizing the number of user request flows that can be successfully scheduled in a single sub-frame. The system incorporates fair and round- robin scheduling techniques to achieve enhanced throughput by ensuring efficient resource utilization, fair resource allocation by distributing available resources equitably among users, reduced latency through streamlined scheduling, and dynamic adaptability by adjusting to varying user demands and network conditions. The proposed architecture also supports scalability for large-scale deployment and contributes to an improved user experience by maintaining seamless and reliable communication even at speeds exceeding 1,000 km/h.