Design, Simulation, and Optimization of Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

The ongoing demand for sustainable energy has driven significant advancements in perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells, which demonstrate superior power conversion efficiency compared to conventional technologies. Silicon and perovskite materials work complementarily, with perovskites (1.5-1.7 eV bandgap) and silicon (1.1 eV bandgap) together capturing a broader solar spectrum than traditional single-junction cells. This research primarily focuses on the simulation of perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells using SCAPS-1D (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1 Dimension) to investigate layer thickness optimization. The performance of Pero-Si tandem solar cells has been analysed by varying thicknesses of each layer while addressing recombination losses and current matching challenges. Results demonstrate that after carefully selecting materials for different layers and optimizing critical parameters such as layer thicknesses, the device achieved an efficiency of 30.44%, open-circuit voltage of 0.8366 V, short circuit current density of 42.48 mA/cm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>, and fill factor of 85.65%.