Backward scanning to forward beam scanning leaky wave antenna using SSPPs

In this study, the backward-to-forward beam steering is achieved by utilizing two identical V-shaped slots. The slots are arranged on top and bottom of the theta-shaped unit cell in a periodical structure to form the transmission line (TL) using SSPPs (spoof surface plasmon polariton) waveguide. The leaky wave antenna (LWA), connects the input and output ports with a series of 23 unit cells. This antenna scans at 102° (-59° to +43°) from 3.39 GHz to 8.22 GHz, with a bandwidth of 4.83 GHz, a scanning rate of 1.225, the highest gain is 6.76 dBi, and maximum efficiency is 70.76%. At a frequency of 3.39 GHz, the antenna achieves the greatest cross-polarization level of -50dB, which provides good polarization isolation in the direction of the main lobe. The proposed antenna is easily integrated into planar radio telecommunication systems.