A Phaseless Framework for Integrated Sensing and Backscatter Communication System Based on Inverse Scattering Technique

In this paper, we present a novel phaseless system that seamlessly integrates sensing and backscatter communication through inverse scattering techniques, enabling effective collaboration between the two functionalities. Specifically, backscatter communication enhances tag identification, while sensing facilitates reliable data transmission by enabling the acquisition of channel state information (CSI). The proposed system enables simultaneous localization, identification, and backscatter communication of tags in complex environments using the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), thereby eliminating the need for phase information. By dynamically modulating the load impedance of the tags, the system separates the RSSI components into structural and antenna modes. The structural mode RSSI, combined with inverse scattering and compressive sensing (CS) techniques, is employed to localize both tags and clutter scatterers, while the antenna mode RSSI ensures precise tag identification. Additionally, CSI is acquired during the localization and identification process, and the backscatter communication performance of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of bit error rate (BER) by employing the zero-forcing (ZF) technique. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed phaseless integrated system can accurately localize and identify tags, both individually and collectively, while maintaining reliable data communication in challenging and cluttered environments. These findings highlight the potential of leveraging inverse scattering and phaseless techniques to advance IoT applications.