A Multi-Bit PUF Architecture Using a 2T Sub-Threshold Voltage Divider

In this paper, a highly reliable multi-bit physically unclonable function (PUF) is proposed. The solution relies on an already tested two-transistor (2T) sub-threshold voltage divider as core circuit along with a multi-bit architecture able to carry out two highly stable bits from three bits generated by a proper entropy quantization. Twenty measured samples of the bitcell core were used to fit a customized Verilog-A model, which was then imported into Cadence Virtuoso environment for the architecture-level analysis. The proposed solution was tested across Monte Carlo simulations at both golden key (GK) and different environmental conditions, while also including the effect of noise. Simulation results prove the effectiveness in generating two highly stable bits for each cell after spatial majority voting and best stability selection. Indeed, no instability was observed in the 0-50 °C temperature range for the two output bits.

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Published
2025-05-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044271
Primary Topic
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
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article
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article

A Multi-Bit PUF Architecture Using a 2T Sub-Threshold Voltage Divider

Raffaele De Rose, Marco Lanuzza, Vincenzo Maccaronio, Massimo Vatalaro et al.
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
article

A Multi-Bit PUF Architecture Using a 2T Sub-Threshold Voltage Divider

Raffaele De Rose, Marco Lanuzza, Vincenzo Maccaronio, Massimo Vatalaro, Felice Crupi
article en

Abstract

In this paper, a highly reliable multi-bit physically unclonable function (PUF) is proposed. The solution relies on an already tested two-transistor (2T) sub-threshold voltage divider as core circuit along with a multi-bit architecture able to carry out two highly stable bits from three bits generated by a proper entropy quantization. Twenty measured samples of the bitcell core were used to fit a customized Verilog-A model, which was then imported into Cadence Virtuoso environment for the architecture-level analysis. The proposed solution was tested across Monte Carlo simulations at both golden key (GK) and different environmental conditions, while also including the effect of noise. Simulation results prove the effectiveness in generating two highly stable bits for each cell after spatial majority voting and best stability selection. Indeed, no instability was observed in the 0-50 °C temperature range for the two output bits.

University of Calabria (IT)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 87%
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
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