MonoSparse-CAM: Efficient Tree Model Processing via Monotonicity and Sparsity in CAMs

While the tree-based machine learning (TBML) models exhibit superior performance compared to neural networks on tabular data and hold promise for energy-efficient acceleration using aCAM arrays, their ideal deployment on hardware with explicit exploitation of TBML structure and aCAM circuitry remains a challenging task. In this work, we present MonoSparse-CAM, a new CAM-based optimization technique that exploits TBML sparsity and monotonicity in CAM circuitry to further advance processing performance. Our results indicate that MonoSparse-CAM reduces energy consumption by upto to 28.56× compared to raw processing and by 18.51× compared to state-of-the-art techniques, while improving the efficiency of computation by at least 1.68×.