RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ SCOPE IN SOVIET AND RUSSIAN SCHOOL (PROBLEM STATEMENT)

The history of pedagogy and education knows well that the issues of increasing the efficiency of educational processes as a form of preparing the younger generation for successful implementation of life activities in society and the most complete positive selfrealization have always been at the forefront. However, all areas of pedagogical thought recognized the obvious need to develop students’ scope as the most important guarantee of subsequent self-education and self-realization. Modernity, presenting humanity with powerful challenges, requires from adults and the younger generation non-standard behavior, which may not be based on memorized models and patterns of behavior, but on adequate adaptation to realities, challenges and trends. The basis of such a process is the broad and developed outlook of the younger generation, formed and developed in the course of education. It is the attempt to determine approaches to a comprehensive understanding of outlook as a phenomenon and its formation as a process, in the context of a retrospective analysis of the methodological experience of the Soviet and modern Russian school, that constitutes the essence of this work.