Comparison and selection of statistical methods in data analysis of HPV vaccine clinical trials

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a global health problem that cannot be ignored, and it is strongly associated with many types of cancer. The analysis of HPV vaccine clinical trial data is critical to accurately assess key indicators of vaccine efficacy, safety, and immune persistence. Statistical methods are indispensable tools in this field of research. In this paper, we systematically review the commonly used statistical methods in the analysis of HPV vaccine clinical trial data, including descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, survival analysis, regression analysis, etc., and discuss the characteristics of each method, its applicability scenarios, and its application in HPV vaccine research. Through comparative analysis, this paper summarizes the basis for selecting different statistical methods, which provides a reference for researchers to choose reasonable statistical methods when facing complex data types and diverse research objectives. This, in turn, facilitates the research and development, scientific evaluation, and wide-spread dissemination of HPV vaccines, thereby advancing global public health towards a new stage of development.