Factors Associated with the Use of Psychotropic Substances During the Migration Process to the United States

Objective: To determine the factors associated with substance use during the migration process to the United States. Methods: A total of 212 migrants were surveyed at the border of Tijuana, Mexico. Three stages of the migration process were explored for substance use: 1) before leaving home; 2) transit and stay at the border; and 3) living in the United States. Multivariate analysis was performed. Results: When leaving home, the substances used were alcohol and tobacco 45.3%; marijuana 3.8% and no substance 50.9%. Upon returning to Mexico, alcohol and tobacco use was 59.2%; illicit substances 26.6% and 14% did not use drugs. Conclusions: Consumption increased in the United States, reaching 86% upon return to Mexico. Family support was a protective factoragainst drug use at all stages.