Sustainable nanozymes: recent trends and future directions

Nanozymes are emerging nanomaterials that exhibit enzyme-like catalytic activity and hold promise for various research-driven applications. Over the past decade, their utility has been well demonstrated. However, the predominant use of inorganic materials in conventional nanozymes has raised sustainability concerns, hindering their broader translation into real-world applications. To address this issue, a new class of sustainable organic nanozymes has recently emerged, marking the beginning of a more environmentally conscious era in nanozyme development. Despite this progress, further advancements are necessary to propel the field forward. This article presents a concise perspective on sustainable nanozymes, summarizing recent developments and highlighting future research directions. Key achievements in organic nanozyme design are reviewed, and potential strategies for continued exploration are proposed. It is envisioned that novel sustainable nanozymes and their future applications will play an increasingly important role in fundamental research and real-world implementation.