Wine consumption in the world's largest wine consuming countries

The goal of this paper is to examine wine consumption levels and changes in wine consumption worldwide and in the world's largest wine consuming countries. The average global consumption during the research period (2018-2023) was 2.9 liters per capita, with a significant decline at an average annual rate of 5.2%. There are significant differences in wine consumption among particular countries and regions of the world. The world's largest wine consumers are primarily developed countries with high incomes, high production levels, and the presence of habits and traditions of wine consumption, such as Portugal, France, Italy, Switzerland, and Spain. The extrapolation of the trend for the period up to 2030 suggests that wine consumption in Italy, Switzerland, and Spain will decline, while there will be a slight increase in France and Portugal. Based on the analysis of linear correlation between the average Gross Domestic Product per capita and wine consumption, it was found that income is a significant factor in wine consumption, but of varying importance across countries, considering the strong effect of socio-cultural factors such as consumer habits and wine consumption tradition, and the religious factor.