Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Analysis of the Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine on Heart Attacks

The Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The disease spreads from person to person and is known to cause severe acute syndrome and death. A vaccine against the disease was developed at short notice to reduce its fatal impact. The reduction in deaths was achieved with the vaccine. However, in addition to this reduction, the vaccine has also been associated with side effects. One of these is an observed increase in heart attacks in vaccinated people. This study investigates the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine on heart attacks. A mathematical model has been developed, and susceptible individuals have been divided into groups of those who have had a heart attack before vaccination and those who have not. Using the developed mathematical model, the study discusses whether the increase in heart attack cases after COVID-19 has been related to the vaccine. First, a diagram of the system has been obtained, and the basic reproduction number has been calculated. Equilibrium points were determined to assess whether the system has correct dynamics. The stability of the equilibrium points has been analyzed using eigenvalues. Numerical calculations and graphs have also been provided to support the findings. It has been demonstrated that the model can be examined with real-life data, allowing the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on heart attacks to be analyzed. This study has made a significant contribution to literature in this field.