Patients With Crohn’s Disease and Terminal Ileum Resection are at Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study

Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who undergo terminal ileum (TI) resection experience altered bile acid absorption, which may influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We conducted a propensity-matched cohort study using TriNetX to compare CRC risk in patients with CD who underwent TI resection versus those who did not. Terminal ileum resection was associated with an increased risk of CRC (aHR = 2.58, 95% CI, 1.72-3.86). Patients with TI resection also had higher odds of colorectal polyps. These findings suggest the need for heightened CRC surveillance in patients with CD undergoing TI resection.