Two new compounds from <i>euphorbia fischeriana</i> steud. and their antitumor activity

Extraction from <i>Euphorbia fischeriana</i> Steud roots yielded twelve compounds, including two novel compounds <b>1</b> (15,16-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8,11,13-triene) and <b>2</b> (methyl-12,14-dimethoxy-8-((5R,8R,9S,10R)-9-methoxy-4,4,10-trimethyldecahydronaphthalen-8yl)benzoate) along with ten previously documented compounds (<b>3</b>-<b>12</b>). Spectral analyses (1D-NMR, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS) enabled the determination of their structural frameworks, supported by validation against published literature data. When tested <i>in vitro</i>, these compounds exhibited distinct potencies in suppressing the growth of Hela, HepG2, MCF-7 and C2C12 cells. Notably, compound <b>3</b> exerted significant inhibitory effects on all tested cell lines, showing IC₅₀ values between 5.53 and 21.28 μM. Further analysis indicated that compound <b>3</b> induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by modulating the protein expression, specifically by reducing Bcl-2 and enhancing Bax levels.