Evaluating the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nano Encapsulated Vitamin A with Chitosan Gel- In vitro Study

Abstract Background: Vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin plays a crucial role in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer prevention. To enhance stability and bioavailability, chitosan, a biocompatible polymer, offers controlled release and gradual absorption. Objective: This study aims to assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of nano-encapsulated Vitamin A using chitosan gel in an in-vitro setting. Methods: Nano-encapsulated Vitamin A was synthesized using chitosan as a carrier and characterized for encapsulation efficiency, particle size. Antioxidant activity was evaluated via the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPHH) assay, while anti-inflammatory effects were measured via Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) inhibition and cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α) reduction measured via the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation assay. Results: Our findings show that this nanogel achieved a peak antioxidant activity of 76.41% and an impressive anti-inflammatory activity of 89.65% at 100 μg/mL concentration that improved bioavailability and stability. Conclusion: Nano-encapsulated Vitamin A with chitosan gel showed promising results as a therapeutic agent for oral precancerous lesion, providing enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Additional in vivo research is required to confirm and support these outcomes.