Regenerative braking process for the urban traffic conditions in Gdańsk and Bremen

This study examines the regenerative braking process under urban traffic conditions observed in Gdask and Bremen.Data on the potential energy recovery along specific routes should be considered when planning the paths of hybrid and electric vehicles.Integrating this functionality into mobile car navigation systems is recommended, as continuous updates are essential for high system efficiency.This paper introduces a novel method for evaluation of the regenerative braking efficiency in urban traffic conditions.Average values of efficiency of regenerative braking were determined for three electric vehicles.The results obtained are similar for all vehicles.The highest efficiency of regenerative braking is 69.6% and this applies to the lightest vehicle.For other two vehicles of larger masses, the results are clearly lower.In addition, the method was verified, which showed acceptable accuracy for urban traffic conditions, especially for the lighter vehicle (average error is 5.6%), while for rural traffic conditions the relative error increases to 9.8%.