Augmented reality technology in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery

Aim. To summarize the experience of applying augmented reality technology in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Materials and methods . From November 2021 to January 2024, 43 patients underwent surgery using augmented reality technology. These procedures included pancreatoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, irreversible electroporation of neoplasms, pancreatic pseudocyst removal, resection of the common bile duct with biliodigestive anastomosis formation, atypical liver resections, right hemihepatectomy, and transarterial chemoembolization of hepatic tumor arteries. Results. The use of augmented reality technology showed no significant increase in operative time. In minimally invasive liver procedures, augmented reality proved to be a convenient navigation tool, contributing to reduced fluoroscopy duration and overall operative time. Analysis of Likert scales completed as feedback forms for intraoperative use by the surgical team demonstrated that augmented reality technology was convenient and beneficial for enhancing visualization and navigation. Conclusion. Augmented reality has proven to be an effective, reliable, and promising tool for hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. However, further technological advancements are required to fully realize its potential. Enhancing the performance of augmented reality systems – including their accuracy, stability, and adaptability to various clinical scenarios – will make them more dependable and versatile for a wide range of surgical procedures.