Multidisciplinary progress review into the topical application of Himalayan Lactobacillus paracasei ferment to monitor the biodiversity of skin microflora during inflammatory pathogenesis

Background: Skin microflora plays a vital role for the regulation of the skin homeostasis. Many inter-bacterial communications and interactions between the bacteria and the skin of the host ensure an optimal barrier protection and regulate the local immune reactions. The objective of this review crossing dermatology with microbiology is to understand how the skin microbiota evolves to adapt with the external environment but also how probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei ferment (LPF) from the Himalayas can regulate the biodiversity of the microflora and can achieve microbiome balance of a healthy skin. Methods and results: The influence of LPF on the microflora and its antibacterial capabilities in the treatment of acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata and the sensitive syndrome of the scalp have been assessed during experimental studies. LPF demonstrated an ability to regulate the abundance of S. aureus , S. epidermidis and C. acnes to levels similar to a healthy skin. Discussion: Evidence from scientific literature revealed that ubiquitous skin commensal bacteria such as C. acnes , S. epidermidis and S. aureus bacteria are capable to communicate mutually with each other's by releasing chemical signalling molecules in presence of external stressors resulting in fine to dysbiosis and contributing to skin pathogenesis. The proved benefits of LPF in adjusting the abundance of those bacteria could be linked to a modulation of the inter-bacterial communication influencing the skin homeostasis. Conclusion: The efficacy of LPF in the regulation of the skin microflora could lead to a new direction of microbiome-based therapeutics for the treatment of skin pathogenesis linked to dysbiosis such acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and sensitive scalp syndrome.