Yak ( <scp> <i>Bos grunniens</i> </scp> ) Meat Peptides: Effects on Immunity, Hypoxia Tolerance, and Antioxidant Capacity in Hypotonic Hypoxia Mice

The present study focused on the investigation of yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) meat peptides on immunity, antioxidant capacity, and hypoxia tolerance in hypotonic hypoxic mice using malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) kit, and so on. Yak protein powder was extracted first, and then peptides were obtained by INFOGEST static simulation of human gastrointestinal tract digestion. The results demonstrated that yak meat peptides increased the content of immune cells, oxygen transport capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities in mice, while reducing oxidative stress damage in the body. In addition, protein expression of hypoxia-related genes hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and erythropoietin (EPO) was improved. This study can provide a theoretical foundation for reducing the harm of reactive oxygen species and free radicals to the human body and for the development and utilization of yak bioactive substances.