Antibacterial Activity &Phytochemical Screening of Chenopodium Album Leaves Against Listeria Monocytogene and Yersinia Enterocolitica

The increasing incident of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains has promote a search of natural alternatives with excellent antibacterial activities. Chenopodium album, commonly known as lamb’s quarters is a medicinal plant with traditional uses in many disease. This review examine the antibacterial activity and phytochemical composition of Chenopodium album leaves and its effect on Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica, two important foodborne pathogens connect with severe infection. Phytochemical analysis of Chenopodium album has identified the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins and phenolic acids which all have antimicrobial activity. These compound are responsible for their antibacterial activity and also able to damage bacterial membranes, disrupt metabolism and inhibit enzyme activity. Verification from studies using agar diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests and bioassay-guided fractionation indicate that Chenopodium album is effective against these pathogens. This review has also presented the proposed mechanisms by which Chenopodium album have antibacterial activity including disruption of bacterial cell walls and inhibition of quorum sensing. To summarize, Chenopodium album is a natural antibacterial candidate which target the Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica. Future investigation can include clinical trials for CNB formulation to potentially fight against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.