Evolution of Meat Production and Consumption in the Bay of Bengal and South Asia: Trends, Challenges, and Sustainable Futures

Abstract The Bay of Bengal and South Asian countries have undergone significant transformations in meat production and consumption patterns, shaped by cultural, religious, and economic influences. As global sustainability concerns intensify, it becomes increasingly vital to understand the historical context and future trajectories of meat consumption in these regions. This study provides an overall analysis of meat production and consumption trends from 1961 to the present, utilizing FAOSTAT data to identify critical shifts in agricultural practices. Additionally, a thorough review of academic literature from 2000 onward highlights emerging research topics and challenges related to sustainability, food safety, and the health implications of meat consumption. The findings offer essential insights for policymakers and stakeholders, aiding them in navigating the complex interplay between tradition and the imperatives of a sustainable future in the meat industry.