Selection and Genetic Characterization of Stevia Genotypes Based on the Rebaudioside A and Total Steviol Glycosides for Brazilian Savanna

The stevia plant has natural sweetening properties that are attracting worldwide interest. Given the significant importance of this plant, the aim of the study was to estimate genetic parameters to characterize and select superior stevia genotypes based on rebaudioside A and total steviol glycoside contents. Nine superior genotypes were evaluated for cultivation in the Brazilian savanna region. The plants from Embrapa Cerrados’ germplasm collection were grown in the experimental area of Embrapa Cerrados in Planaltina, Federal District, Brazil. Those obtained by vegetative propagation were taken to the field in January 2021 and were maintained in the field with periodic cuttings for evaluation. Rebaudioside A and total steviol glycoside contents were assessed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. Analysis of variance revealed significant genetic variation among the genotypes for both rebaudioside A and TSG contents, with heritability values of 98.32% and 87.96%, respectively. The coefficient of genetic variation (CVg) for rebaudioside A was 29.15%, indicating substantial potential for selection, while the CVg/CVe ratio was 3.83, further highlighting the predominance of genetic over environmental effects for this trait. CPAC‐10 is the most promising genotype concerning rebaudioside A content (64.11%) and has been selected to improve new populations for the stevia breeding program in the Brazilian savanna. These findings underscore the genetic diversity among the genotypes, offering opportunities for selection and genetic improvement. The study also highlights the importance of rebaudioside A content as a selection criterion for developing cultivars suited to the growing demand for natural, low‐calorie sweeteners.