A dataset of 8-day carbon flux components observations for global terrestrial ecosystems during 1991–2023

<p indent="0mm">Net ecosystem production (NEP), gross primary production (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (RE) of vegetation are key components of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Accurate measurement of these critical carbon flux parameters is essential for understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. In this study, we compiled a comprehensive dataset of carbon flux observation from 1991 to 2023 by integrating data from the global flux observation datasets (FLUXNET2015) and regional carbon flux networks (AmeriFlux, EuroFlux, OzFlux, AsiaFlux and ChinaFLUX). We applied rigorous data quality screening criteria to integrate observations from diverse sources, resulting in a dataset of 8-day carbon flux components observations for global terrestrial ecosystems (1991–2023). This dataset includes 8-day interval measurements of NEP, GPP, and RE from 414 monitoring sites across global terrestrial ecosystems spanning from 1991 to 2023. Unified quality control standards and consistent spatiotemporal synthesis methods were applied to ensure data consistency and reliability. This dataset provides valuable scientific support for global carbon cycle research, model optimization, and analysis of ecosystem responses to climate change.