Genetic variability for yield and yield attributing traits in Advance wheat breeding lines evaluated under Temperate Ecology

The present study was conducted to determine variability for complex traits of yield and yield attributes by measuring different morphologically related metric traits and evaluation of the traits which that are closely related to yield. Grain yield showed high heritability along with high genetic advance yield and the characters which high heritability along with high genetic advance and genetic gain were spike length, 1000-grain weight, spikelet per spike, grains per spike, seed size, awn length, peduncle length, and stem weight would be effective for selection in the breeding programme. However, highest estimates of heritability (b.s.) accompanied by high genetic advance as per cent of mean were recorded for grain yield/ ha. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were highest for grain yield (35.24%) followed by 1000 grain weight (23.42%), grains per spike (19. 34%) and a number of spikelet spike (19.32%).It is obvious that yield is a polygenic trait that results from the contribution of many interacting factors. The phenotypic and genotypic correlations for yield and yield attributing traits revealed that grain yield exhibited positive and highly significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation with 1000 grain weight, grains per spike, and spikelets per spike but exhibited negative and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation with days to flowering and days to maturity. The highest indirect positive effects of a number of grains per spike on grain yield was recorded via a number of spikelets per spike (0.368) followed by spike length (0.136) and flag leaf length (0.123) whereas grains per spike recorded a moderate negative indirect effect via length breadth ratio (-0.014), awn length (- 0.011) and peduncle length (-0.145) on grain yield. This study offers treasured acumens for breeders and researchers working on enhancing wheat productivity to meet the mounting demands of increasing human population