Physiological role of foliar application of thiamine (B1) on active chemical compounds percentages of Petunia flowers (petunia hybrida L.)

Physiological role of foliar application of thiamine (B1) on active chemical compounds percentages of Petunia flowers (petunia hybrida L.): From October 23, 2022, to June 4, 2023, the study was done in the Lath house of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape design at the University of Kirkuk/Agricultural Research and Experimentation Station/Al-Sayadah. The aim was to find out the Physiological role of the growth regulator thiamine was sprayed at( 0, 150, and 300 )mg. L-1 In terms of the percentages of effective chemical compounds in petunia flowers, the factorial experiment was designed according to R.C.B.D. Using organic solvents, the soxolite method was used to extract the effective chemical compounds from the flowers. A rotary evaporator was used under vacuum pressure to evaporate the solvent and obtain the essential oils. Then the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer device is used to detect the basic chemical components and estimate their percentage in plant flowers. The results for extracting and finding chemical compounds showed that the amounts of common substances in plant flower samples changed depending on the treatments. For example, 300 mg of thiamine was sprayed on the flowers. L-1 gave the best results in terms of the percentages of active chemicals in the plant flowers compared to the control treatment flowers.The study further suggests that thiamine treatments significantly impact the biosynthetic pathways of essential oils and active compounds, positively altering their abundance in petunia flowers. Consequently, the exploration of growth regulator manipulation could potentially lead to the development of novel horticultural strategies, aiding in the sustainable production of high-quality floral products.