ASSESSMENT GENETIC STABILITY OF Magnolia grandiflora L. BY AFLP MARKER VIA TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY

The study was done in Tissue Culture & Molecular Biology Labs, Research Centre, College of Science, Duhok University, Iraq, from September 2022 to March 2024, to study the efficient tissue culture protocol for Magnolia grandiflora L., optimizing in vitro growth condition by arranging a basal media composition, studying the effects of different growth regulators and their concentrations on micropropagation of Magnolia and analyze the genetic stability of regenerated plants. Lateral buds were used as explants in this study. Optimal sterilization obtained with 70% (v/v) Ethanol for 2 min, then explants immersed in (2.5% v/v) NaOCl for 20 min. At initiation, adding BA at 1.0 mg/l and NAA at 0.05 mg/l to the MS medium gave the highest (2.80 cm) shoot length, medium consist of both BA at 2.0 mg/l with NAA at 0.5 mg/l produced the maximum number (3.00) of leaves. At multiplication, BA at 4.0 mg/l and NAA at 1.0 mg/l gaving the maximum shoot length (2.50) cm) with MS medium. A significant difference did not found between MS and WPM media on shoot length. WPM supplemented with NAA (2.0 mg/l) gave the most numbers (4.13) of leaves. WPM supplied with 0.5 mg/l NAA treatment for developing in vitro rooting. Peatmoss with loam in a ratio (1:0.5) (v: v) used to acclimatize plantlets, resulting in an impressive 80–85% survival rate. Teen AFLP primers combination were used to appreciate genetic uniformity of regenerated plant. No polymorphism was detected for the micropropagated plants as compared with mother plants, proving genetic stability.