The Impact of Digital Transformation on Risk Management in Commercial Banks—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Chinese Banking Industry

本文通过实证分析探讨了数字化转型对中国商业银行风险管理的影响。文章基于2011~2021年中国银行业的数据，构建了数字化转型指数，并运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和内生性检验等方法，分析了数字化转型对商业银行风险承担的影响。研究发现，数字化转型显著提高了银行的风险管理能力，尽管在转型初期可能会对经营绩效产生负面影响。此外，数字化转型对大型银行和中小银行的影响存在差异，大型银行从数字化转型中获益更为明显。最后，文章提出了相应的政策启示，包括鼓励银行数字化转型、提供转型支持、制定差异化政策以及加强风险监管等。This article empirically explores the impact of digital transformation on risk management in Chinese commercial banks. Based on data from the Chinese banking industry between 2011 and 2021, the study constructs a digital transformation index and applies fixed effects models, mediation effect models, and endogeneity tests to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the risk-taking of commercial banks. The study finds that digital transformation significantly enhances banks’ risk management capabilities, although it may have a negative impact on business performance in the early stages of transformation. Furthermore, the effects of digital transformation differ between large banks and small and medium-sized banks, with large banks benefiting more from the transformation. Finally, the article provides relevant policy implications, including encouraging digital transformation in banks, providing support for the transformation, developing differentiated policies, and strengthening risk supervision.