Acute Kidney Injury Due to Amoxicillin-induced Crystalline Nephropathy in a Child

A BSTRACT Amoxicillin is an antibiotic commonly used in children for various infections, especially respiratory infection, often in combination with clavulanic acid. We describe an 8-year-old boy who developed hematuria and acute kidney injury secondary to amoxicillin-induced crystalline nephropathy (AICN). Renal adverse effects with amoxicillin are uncommon and AICN has been described in a few adults secondary to high-dose amoxicillin. Our patient is a child who received regular doses of amoxicillin and developed AICN due to the urine pH being acidic and low in volume. We believe this is the first child described with such a problem in India and also suggest ways to prevent it.