The impact of backpack load on foot arch development in school- aged children: a pilot study

Background:The weight of school backpacks significantly affects children's health and posture.Heavy backpacks are known contributors to postural defects, back pain, and general discomfort among students.Aims: This pilot study aims to provide a preliminary assessment of the relationship between backpack weight and foot arch structure in primary school-aged children.It also addresses the growing issue of heavy backpacks carried by these children. Material and methods:The study included 69 fourth-grade students (aged 9-10), for whom body weight, height, BMI, and backpack weight were measured.Foot arch structure was assessed using a plantographic method, with footprints classified according to Bochenek's classification. Results:The average backpack weight was 4.72 kg, and in 70% of cases, it exceeded 20% of the child's body weight.No significant differences in backpack weight were observed between girls and boys.Higher BMI and body weight were correlated with a higher prevalence of flat feet, while lower BMI was associated with a higher incidence of high-arched feet.The distribution of normal and flat feet was similar regardless of gender, BMI, and body weight.