Impact of Weight Loss on Type 2 Diabetes Remission and Long-Term Outcomes in Primary Care Settings

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has conventionally been managed as a continuing, advanced condition.However, the current indication supports the potential for remission through significant weight loss, predominantly when initiated early.This study measured the impression of a structured weight loss program on diabetes remission and long-term consequences in a primary care setting. Methods:In this open-label, cluster-randomised trial, 150 patients with T2DM from primary care practices were assigned to either a structured weight management intervention or usual care.Applicants were aged 20-65 years, had a BMI of 27-45 kg/m, and had been diagnosed with T2DM within the past 6 years.The interference included total diet replacement, food reintroduction, and weight loss maintenance.Primary results were 15 kg weight loss and diabetes remission at 12 months.Results: The interference group achieved significantly greater weight loss (mean -9.4 kg vs -1.0 kg; p<0.0001) and HbA1c reduction (-0.9% vs +0.1%; p<0.0001) compared to the control group.73.6% of intervention participants discontinued all diabetes medications, versus 18.2% in the control group.Quality of life scores improved significantly in the intervention arm.Serious adverse events were rare and comparable between groups.Secondary consequences, including physical activity and sleep, showed no significant differences. Conclusion:The structured weight loss program significantly improved weight, BMI, and HbA1c levels in the intervention group compared to the control group.However, secondary outcomes like sleep and physical activity did not show significant differences between the groups.