An amino-functionalized lanthanide-organic framework for ratiometric detection of ONOO⁻

Peroxynitrite (ONOO^-), a common reactive nitrogen, can serve as a potential indicator for the early diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). In this work, a lanthanide-organic framework (EuTPTC-NH2) is constructed for ratiometric luminescence detection of ONOO^- with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The presence of ONOO^- leads to an increase in ligand emission at 410 nm and a decrease in Eu³⁺ at 616 nm, accompanied by an emission color change from red to blue, due to the oxidation of the amino group to a nitroso group by ONOO^-. EuTPTC-NH2 exhibits a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.0053 μM, a fast response time of 45 s, and excellent selectivity toward ONOO^-. EuTPTC-NH2 can also be successfully used for the ratiometric detection of ONOO^- in saline, and subsequently employed for the detection of the ONOO^- concentration level in serum samples from DILI mice and clinical patients with liver injury, providing a potential biological tool for the early detection of DILI.