Transforming memory landscapes: an expanded Bergsonian approach to temporal structure in media art experiences

This paper proposes a theoretical framework for analyzing temporal structures in media art experiences, drawing on Henri Bergson’s philosophy of memory and time. Building upon recent developments in the multi-timescale (MTS) interpretation, the study examines how different temporal aspects emerge during participants’ engagement with interactive artworks. The paper introduces the concept of “landscape” – preconstructed perceptual and mnemic frameworks that both enable and constrain artistic experiences. Through case studies of significant media artworks, the analysis identifies three distinct temporal windows: the perceptual imperfective, where novel sensory experiences deviate from established perceptual patterns; the mnemic imperfective, where recollection transcends stereotypical recognition; and the existential imperfective, where sustained transformation of one’s preexisting landscapes occurs. The analysis reveals that successful media artworks strategically utilize participants’ familiar motor memories while creating intentional deviations that open these imperfective windows of time. The effectiveness of an artwork, this paper argues, depends not only on its ability to create momentary novel experiences but also on its capacity to trigger lasting transformations in participants’ perceptual and mnemic landscapes. This temporal framework provides new methodological tools for understanding and conserving media art experiences, particularly addressing the challenges posed by evolving technological environments.